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Unit One General Knowledge of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1

1.1 Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1

1.2 Acids, Bases and Salts6

1.3 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes10

1.4 The Periodic Law13

1.5 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures17

1.6 Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids23

1.7 Chemical Equilibrium28

1.8 Energy and Chemical Energy30

1.9 Chemical Bonds33

1.10 Types of Chemical Equations38

1.11 Oxidation-Reduction Reaction41

1.12 Heat and Work44

1.13 Enthalpy, Entropy and Gibbs Free Energy47

Unit Two Some Basic Chemical Theories54

2.1 Dalton's Atomic Theory54

2.2 Valence Bond Theory59

2.3 Molecular-Orbital Theory62

2.4 The Kinetic Theory of Gases66

2.5 Collision Theory and Reaction Mechanisms72

2.6 Reactive Intermediates of Organic Reactions77

2.7 Types of Organic Reaction81

2.8 Free Radical Reactions88

2.9 Interracial (double layer) Phenomena92

2.10 Laws of Thermodynamics95

Unit Three Some Techniques of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering100

3.1 Fluid Flow100

3.2 Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer107

3.3 Process Design117

3.4 Reactor Types125

3.5 Membranes and Membrane Processes137

3.6 Process Selection141

Unit Four Instrumental and Chemical Analysis Methods144

4.1 Introduction to Instrumental Methods144

4.2 Electromagnetic Radiation147

4.3 An Introduction to Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy155

4.4 Molecule Spectroscopy158

4.5 Chromatography161

4.6 IR and Raman Spectroscopy170

4.7 Introduction to Electroanalytical Methods of Analysis176

4.8 Thermal Analysis179

Unit Five Nomenclature183

5.1 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds183

5.2 Nomenclature of Organic Compounds195

Unit six Reading Materials209

6.1 The Genesis of Polymer209

6.2 Mechanism of Development of Large Strains217

6.3 Elastomer226

6.4 Metal Extraction and Refining232

6.5 Electroplating234

6.6 Corrosion of Iron236

6.7 Fuel Cells239

6.8 Secondary Batteries--Nickel-Cadmium Battery243

6.9 Atmospheric Cleansing Processes249

6.10 Degrees of Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Standards252

6.11 Solid Waste255

6.12 Direct and Indirect Reuse of Wastewater260

6.13 Design and Operation of Landfills264

6.14 Wastewater Treatment Processes267

6.15 What Can Chemists Do for Nanostructured Materials274

6.16 Modern Synthetic Surfactant Shampoos279

6.17 Cosmetic285

6.18 Adhesion289

6.19 Coatings294

Unit Seven 化学化工文献介绍299

7.1 期刊299

7.2 文摘刊和索引刊308

8.1 科技英语特点331

Unit Eight 科技英语写作及翻译331

8.2 科技英语写作素材333

8.3 科技英语写作题材333

8.4 科技英语翻译340

Appendixes349

附录Ⅰ 化学元素表349

附录Ⅱ 常用数学符号及数学式写法353

附录Ⅲ SI单位355

参考文献358